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PWAs: Will The Web-based Apps End Big Tech App Store Tyranny?
July 12, 2024
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Progressive Web App(PWA) is basically a website built to function as a native desktop software or mobile app. The main advantage of a PWA is that it is apps store-independent and cross-platform.

Opening a PWA-optimized website like 'Gab.com' for example, on a standards-compliant browser like Brave would immediately trigger an instal prompt on the top-right corner of the browser window within the address bar.

On mobile browsers, the PWA prompt may be 'install Gab' or 'add Gab' [to the homescreen]. In the absence of the prompt, just adding the website to the homescreen will do the trick.

Once installed, the PWA functions more like a native app. This circumvents app stores like Google Play and Apple's App Store where free speech apps like Gab are banned.

Other browsers that support PWA include Gab's own Dissenter, Microsoft Edge, Google chrome, Apple's safari and Opera mobile. PWAs are supported on Windows 10, android and iOS.

For a website to be a PWA, it must run on certain core web technology components. And while User Interface frameworks like Angular and React support and have all the components for PWAs, it is important to note that PWAs are not framework-dependent.

PWAs store data as HTML files, use CSS and images from the browser cache which makes them load faster and also work offline by utilizing a specific set of components.

Critical components of a PWA includes Service worker, JSON manifest, App shell and other tools that continue to be added as UI frameworks and standards evolve.

A service worker is a type of web worker. It’s a JavaScript file that runs separately from the main browser thread, intercepts network requests, caches, and delivers push messages. If there is no network connection, a service worker will pull data from the cache using the browser’s cache API.

JSON manifest is a file that contains metadata of the app describing the UI. The manifest controls whether the app will have a more native rendering, the icon to be displayed on the home screen when installed, the orientation, the full-screen rendering, and so on. The manifest is responsible for creating an app-like experience.

App shell is the container where the data is stored. The app shell architecture consists of HTML, CSS, and JavaScript and allows some lightweight settings to be quickly loaded during the first visit, which reduces the time required the first time the PWA is launched. The app shell is responsible for the UX of the PWA.

Note that PWA components are based on common and open web technologies, hence keeping the development independent of any one app store software development kit(or SDK).

Google and Microsoft are working together to support the PWA ecosystem. Google has been adding PWA components -- like workbox, chrome Devtools and lighthouse -- to their UI frameworks.

The technologies behind PWAs are not new. Steve Jobs tried this in 2007 with HTML5-based standard for web apps on iphones. Apple later changed course with the introduction of iOS SDK.

Web technology development has since advanced, and JavaScript is becoming a computational power. Most PWAs are more feature-rich than their traditional native counterparts.

Advocates claim that with PWAs, smartphone users don't need to worry about app updates and storage space; and developers don't have to grovel to the big tech app store duopoly of Apple and Google, to distribute their PWAs. Gab social and other apps banned from Play store and App Store, are taking advantage of PWAs to great success.

Ironically, the tech giants are embracing PWAs, probably for different reasons and the fact that the general trend is towards 'stream everything.'

ZDNet's Mary Jo Foley reported last year that Microsoft is building an Azure-powered 'Cloud PC' service to be launched this year. With such service, Windows 10 operating system users can access and interact with the OS via a browser, making windows 10 accessible on any 'thin client.' A windows 10 PWA on android, iOS or Mac can give one access to the OS without having to worry about updates and graphics power of your device. The crunching of data is done behind the scenes on Microsoft servers.

Microsoft has also released popular apps like Office and outlook as PWAs. The tech giant accepts PWAs from developers who wish to distribute via their windows 10 app store.

Google has released their popular services as PWAs. These include YouTube music, map, photos, Drive, Keep and stadia. Google Play store also supports PWAs. Twitter Lite is a PWA.

With gaming being the only holdout for now in the 'stream everything' race, it may not be too optimistic to say that in 5 to 10 years, the tyrannical regime of the app store duopoly -- Google and Apple -- will be have ended. Though they obviously will not go down without a fight.

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CENTCOM Seeks New Ideas To Punish Iran, In Email To US Troops, As Trump Fumes Over Stalled Negotiations

A senior US Central Command (CENTCOM) intelligence officer reportedly sent an internal email last Wednesday, soliciting "creative and unconventional" strategies to pressure and punish Iran, signaling a strategic impasse in the ongoing conflict.

This crowdsourcing effort emerged as President Donald Trump’s administration faced limited options following weeks of airstrikes that failed to compel Tehran into a negotiated settlement or secure safe shipping through the Strait of Hormuz.

“We are looking for new creative and unconventional ways to pressure and punish Iran,” read the message from the CENTCOM intelligence branch officer. In a statement responding to the leaked email, CENTCOM spokesperson Capt. Timothy Hawkins did not deny the message, explaining that CENTCOM Commander Adm. Brad Cooper routinely solicits ideas across all ranks to encourage operational innovation.

“U.S. Central Command has a long history of thinking and working in innovative ways,” Capt. Hawkins said in the statement. “Admiral Cooper, in particular, reaches out to members of our great team, regardless of rank, to achieve the highest levels of operational performance possible.” However, military officials described the broad solicitation of ideas via email as unusual given the sensitivity of ongoing operations.

Intelligence assessments from the CIA and Defense Intelligence Agency reportedly concluded that the current bombing campaign is unlikely to shift Iran’s negotiating position. Joint Chiefs of Staff Chairman Gen. Dan Caine has acknowledged that air power has limits, particularly regarding deeply buried nuclear facilities like Pickaxe Mountain which conventional bombs cannot fully destroy.

Trump is weighing difficult alternatives, including a sustained bombardment of Iranian missile capabilities (hampered by dwindling US interceptor stocks), symbolic "fireworks" strikes, or a ground invasion. A ground operation which is very unpopular, would risk destroying Trump's presidency, violating his 2024 core campaign promise to avoid prolonged foreign wars and would require significant US troop deployment.

Eighteen US service members have been killed in the fighting, with hundreds more wounded. Officials have raised concerns that striking Iranian infrastructure, such as bridges or desalination plants, could cause high civilian casualties and further destabilize the region.

The internal email preceded a threat by Trump to launch a massive new round of strikes. However, Trump called off the attack over the weekend following direct de-escalation interventions from key regional allies, including the United Arab Emirates, Qatar and Saudi Arabia Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman. The president also claimed the Iranians begged him to put off the attack, a claim denied by officials from the Persian nation, Monday.

In a Truth Social post Monday, Trump accused Iran’s leadership of being “unbelievably duplicitous” and insisted peace negotiations were under way “whether” the regime “wants to admit it or not” after Tehran publicly denied his claim of direct talks.

Trump had told reporters on Air Force One on Sunday, that negotiations with Iran would begin “tomorrow afternoon” and declared a peace agreement was “imminent.” The president also said he had shelved plans for what he described as “the biggest attack since World War II” after appeals from Iran and regional partners.

As the direct U.S.–Iran negotiations remain stalled, Iranian officials confirmed ongoing negotiations with Oman regarding the management and transit mechanics of the Strait of Hormuz.

Proposals brokered through Omani mediation aim to establish new defined shipping channels, grant a 60-day toll-free passage period through the strait, and end Washington's naval blockade in exchange for halting attacks on Persian Gulf shipping lanes. Iranian Foreign Ministry spokesperson Esmaeil Baghaei noted these talks center on securing safe transit mechanisms following the breakdown of earlier ceasefires.

In the lengthy post on Truth Social on Monday, Trump reacted to a statement from Baqaei earlier in the day, who had rejected the idea that the regime was negotiating with the United States.

Trump wrote, "Iranian Leadership is unbelievably duplicitous! They ask for a meeting, some would say 'beg,' talks begin, with more scheduled in the immediate future, and they say, openly and proudly, that they’re not having any discussions, that nothing is being talked about, and they’re only dealing with 'Oman.'

"They then go on to give their usual blather in saying, the Strait of Hormuz will be operated powerfully by them, when it is already completely controlled by the United States Navy and our 'Blockade' or, as some say, 'The United States Wall of Steel!' Nothing gets through to Iran, unless we want it to, and nothing will get through, unless a Deal, or Total Surrender, is accomplished. Whether Iran wants to admit it or not, we are, in fact, talking of a solution to a problem that they have caused, for decades. It is very simple, IRAN WILL NEVER HAVE A NUCLEAR WEAPON!"

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Trump Backs Down From Planned Military Strikes On Iran, Amid US General's Warning About Insufficient Assets To Defend Israel

President Donald Trump has called off planned U.S. military strikes on Iran. In a Truth Social post early morning UTC Sunday, he claimed Iran and other Middle Eastern countries asked him to cancel the planned operation, after the “perimeters of a deal” were agreed to.

Trump wrote, "The U.S.A. is locked and loaded and ready to go against the Islamic Republic of Iran, at levels of Military Terror, Strength, and Power not seen since World War II. Despite this, we have just been asked by Iran, and other Middle Eastern Countries, to hold off any attack in that the perimeters of a deal has been agreed to.

"This would include the Immediate, Complete, and Total OPENING OF THE HORMUZ STRAIT, and an end to Iran’s nuclear threat. Based on this request, I have agreed, for the future benefit of the WORLD and, likewise, the survival of a successful and prosperous Iran, to cancel the attack, subject to being able to rapidly make a DEAL.

"The Country of Israel joins me in this commitment. Get to work, everybody, and get it DONE. Thank you for your attention to this matter! President DONALD J. TRUMP."

The announcement came a day after he threatened that the U.S. military will pummel Iran, and reportedly target the country's civilian infrastructure. “We will be hitting them very hard,” Trump said during a televised press conference Friday at Camp David. “And you know at some point, they’re going to say, ‘We just can’t take it anymore.’”

Trump's reversal comes amid report that Gen. Alexus Grynkewich, head of U.S. European Command (EUCOM), reportedly privately warned the Pentagon that he lacks sufficient naval forces to protect Israel from Iranian ballistic missiles, stating he would be forced to prioritize the U.S. homeland without an additional Navy destroyer.

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US General Warns Pentagon About Insufficient Forces To Defend Israel, 'Forced To Choose' Defense Of US Homeland

Gen. Alexus Grynkewich, head of U.S. European Command (EUCOM), reportedly privately warned the Pentagon that he lacks sufficient naval forces to protect Israel from Iranian ballistic missiles, stating he would be forced to prioritize the U.S. homeland without an additional Navy destroyer. This warning, sent in a written letter, highlights severe strain on U.S. military resources as the conflict with Iran enters its fifth month.

Pentagon officials described the memo as a standard "operational risk warning" that commanders issue when competing for scarce global military assets.

The U.S. Navy has five destroyers based in Rota, Spain, with a sixth expected later in the year, but maintenance backlogs due to high operational tempo have reduced availability. Currently, two destroyers are in the eastern Mediterranean, three are in Rota, and one is in the Red Sea, with another fleet operating near Iran.

Sustained engagements shooting down Iranian and Houthi ballistic missiles have rapidly consumed Standard Missile-3 (SM-3) and SM-6 interceptors faster than U.S. defense industrial lines can produce them.

U.S. forces, including THAAD and naval interceptors, have shouldered the bulk of defending Israel from Iranian attacks, often more frequently than Israeli systems. Supplies of key defensive weapons, including Patriot missiles, are reportedly depleted.

EUCOM's forward naval footprint relies on five Arleigh Burke-class destroyers based out of Rota, Spain. Two destroyers—the USS Paul Ignatius and USS Roosevelt—were operating in the Mediterranean Sea to shield Israel. Three others (USS Arleigh Burke, USS Bulkeley, and USS Oscar Austin) were anchored at Rota due to maintenance backlogs resulting from continuous operations.

Simultaneously, the U.S. Navy has deployed two aircraft carrier strike groups (USS George H.W. Bush and USS Abraham Lincoln) along with 11 destroyers in the Arabian Sea, plus the USS Gonzalez in the Red Sea to protect commercial shipping from Houthi strikes.

EUCOM must balance defending Israel with maintaining readiness against potential Russia incursions into NATO territory, as Russia also possesses ballistic missiles capable of striking the U.S. mainland. Keeping destroyers locked into anti-missile duty near Israel dilutes EUCOM’s ability to cover NATO contingencies.

Iran closing the Strait of Hormuz and Trump administration imposing a naval blockade of Iranian ports, have forced the Navy to divide assets among the Mediterranean, Red Sea, and Arabian Sea, complicating defense commitments.

The warning comes as the Trump administration reportedly plans further escalation, including strikes on Tehran’s electricity infrastructure. The collapse of ceasefire talks has led to near-daily missile exchanges, increasing inflationary concerns and political pressure ahead of the 2026 midterm elections in the U.S.

At Camp David, President Trump told reporters that Iran’s military had been "decimated" but criticized Iranian negotiators as "dishonorable and dishonest" after renewed missile fire targeted U.S. positions in Jordan. When asked if Americans should expect continued back-and-forth military strikes, he acknowledged: "A little bit... We just want to win. They cannot have a nuclear weapon."

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