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PWAs: Will The Web-based Apps End Big Tech App Store Tyranny?
July 12, 2024
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Progressive Web App(PWA) is basically a website built to function as a native desktop software or mobile app. The main advantage of a PWA is that it is apps store-independent and cross-platform.

Opening a PWA-optimized website like 'Gab.com' for example, on a standards-compliant browser like Brave would immediately trigger an instal prompt on the top-right corner of the browser window within the address bar.

On mobile browsers, the PWA prompt may be 'install Gab' or 'add Gab' [to the homescreen]. In the absence of the prompt, just adding the website to the homescreen will do the trick.

Once installed, the PWA functions more like a native app. This circumvents app stores like Google Play and Apple's App Store where free speech apps like Gab are banned.

Other browsers that support PWA include Gab's own Dissenter, Microsoft Edge, Google chrome, Apple's safari and Opera mobile. PWAs are supported on Windows 10, android and iOS.

For a website to be a PWA, it must run on certain core web technology components. And while User Interface frameworks like Angular and React support and have all the components for PWAs, it is important to note that PWAs are not framework-dependent.

PWAs store data as HTML files, use CSS and images from the browser cache which makes them load faster and also work offline by utilizing a specific set of components.

Critical components of a PWA includes Service worker, JSON manifest, App shell and other tools that continue to be added as UI frameworks and standards evolve.

A service worker is a type of web worker. It’s a JavaScript file that runs separately from the main browser thread, intercepts network requests, caches, and delivers push messages. If there is no network connection, a service worker will pull data from the cache using the browser’s cache API.

JSON manifest is a file that contains metadata of the app describing the UI. The manifest controls whether the app will have a more native rendering, the icon to be displayed on the home screen when installed, the orientation, the full-screen rendering, and so on. The manifest is responsible for creating an app-like experience.

App shell is the container where the data is stored. The app shell architecture consists of HTML, CSS, and JavaScript and allows some lightweight settings to be quickly loaded during the first visit, which reduces the time required the first time the PWA is launched. The app shell is responsible for the UX of the PWA.

Note that PWA components are based on common and open web technologies, hence keeping the development independent of any one app store software development kit(or SDK).

Google and Microsoft are working together to support the PWA ecosystem. Google has been adding PWA components -- like workbox, chrome Devtools and lighthouse -- to their UI frameworks.

The technologies behind PWAs are not new. Steve Jobs tried this in 2007 with HTML5-based standard for web apps on iphones. Apple later changed course with the introduction of iOS SDK.

Web technology development has since advanced, and JavaScript is becoming a computational power. Most PWAs are more feature-rich than their traditional native counterparts.

Advocates claim that with PWAs, smartphone users don't need to worry about app updates and storage space; and developers don't have to grovel to the big tech app store duopoly of Apple and Google, to distribute their PWAs. Gab social and other apps banned from Play store and App Store, are taking advantage of PWAs to great success.

Ironically, the tech giants are embracing PWAs, probably for different reasons and the fact that the general trend is towards 'stream everything.'

ZDNet's Mary Jo Foley reported last year that Microsoft is building an Azure-powered 'Cloud PC' service to be launched this year. With such service, Windows 10 operating system users can access and interact with the OS via a browser, making windows 10 accessible on any 'thin client.' A windows 10 PWA on android, iOS or Mac can give one access to the OS without having to worry about updates and graphics power of your device. The crunching of data is done behind the scenes on Microsoft servers.

Microsoft has also released popular apps like Office and outlook as PWAs. The tech giant accepts PWAs from developers who wish to distribute via their windows 10 app store.

Google has released their popular services as PWAs. These include YouTube music, map, photos, Drive, Keep and stadia. Google Play store also supports PWAs. Twitter Lite is a PWA.

With gaming being the only holdout for now in the 'stream everything' race, it may not be too optimistic to say that in 5 to 10 years, the tyrannical regime of the app store duopoly -- Google and Apple -- will be have ended. Though they obviously will not go down without a fight.

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Two US Troops Killed, Dozens Injured During Iranian Missile Attacks In Jordan, As US-Iran War Escalates

Two U.S. service members were killed and one remains missing following an Iranian ballistic missile and drone attack on a U.S. base in Jordan on July 17, 2026, according to U.S. Central Command (CENTCOM). Four other service members were injured and evacuated to hospitals but have since been discharged, while additional personnel with minor injuries returned to duty. The identities of the fallen are being withheld until 24 hours after next-of-kin notification.

The first attack to hit U.S. forces in Jordan reportedly struck a residential facility at King Faisal Air Base, wounding as many as five U.S. service members. The second hit a base in eastern Jordan where U.S. Blackhawk helicopters were operating from, damaging a significant number of them.

Then hours later, Iranian missiles reportedly hit Jordan’s Muwawffaq Salti Air Base in Azraq, which is the same base where the troops were killed on Friday, the officials said. The earlier strike wounded about 20 U.S. troops rushing to take cover in bunkers. No one was killed in that barrage. But on Friday, when the Iranians struck the base again,  two U.S. troops were killed.

Muwaffaq Salti Air Base (also known as Al-Azraq), hosts U.S. troops, combat aircraft (including F-35s, F-16s, and F-15s), and has supported operations in the region. Videos circulating online show missiles impacting the base, with explosions and smoke. Jordan reported intercepting around 10 Iranian missiles, but some penetrated defenses. The flurry of attacks and the losses they have caused are a sign that Iranian forces not only still have ample missile stocks but have also become more adept at evading U.S. air defense systems, according to U.S. officials.

“On July 17, two U.S. service members in Jordan were killed in action as U.S. Central Command (CENTCOM) and partner forces defended against Iranian ballistic missile and drone attacks, CENTCON reported earlier Saturday. "Additionally, one service member is currently missing. Four American service members were medically evacuated to Jordanian hospitals. They have since been discharged. Other personnel who were evaluated for minor injuries have returned to duty.”

In his first public reaction, President Donald Trump reportedly said "it’s a very sad thing. We hate to see it happen." And that "it’s in service to our country…we’re never, they’re never going to allow Iran to have a nuclear weapon.”

Iranian officials on Saturday, said the country has withdrawn from commitments to the memorandum of understanding (MOU) signed with the U.S. "The US has violated and suspended all its commitments within the framework of the Islamabad MoU," Deputy Foreign Minister Kazem Gharibabadi said. "We have also suspended our commitments... and we are busy defending the country."

In a statement Saturday, Iran's Supreme Leader Ayatollah Mojtaba Khamenei said, "The Great Satan's repeated violations of the memorandum of understanding signed between the presidents of Iran and the United States once again proved to everyone how worthless and unreliable the signature of the U.S. president is, and that bullying, hegemonic ambitions, and savagery are inseparable elements of the American way and doctrine.

"The Great Satan has once again revealed its true face without a mask, so that this dark experience of crime and bad faith will stand as yet another powerful testament to America's deceitfulness, irrationality, untrustworthiness, and wickedness. Now that the American enemy is seeking to ignite war and incur even heavier costs and greater disgrace, it should know that the beloved Iranian nation and the Axis of Resistance have unforgettable lessons in store for it. The bravery of the fighters of Islam and the courage of the people of Iran's southern region in recent days have already demonstrated examples of those lessons."

When asked about the supreme leader's statement, Trump told reporters, "I couldn’t care less.”

The attack in Jordan coincided with broader Iranian strikes targeting U.S. facilities and infrastructure in Kuwait, Bahrain, and Iraq, with alerts also issued in Saudi Arabia. Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps(IRGC) claimed to have struck specific bases, including Camp Arifjan and Ali Al Salem Air Base in Kuwait, and Al Azraq Air Base in Jordan, alleging damage to aircraft and radar facilities.

Iranian missiles and drones also targeted civilian infrastructure as well, including oil facilities and water desalination plants in Kuwait, causing fires and injuries.

U.S. officials reportedly note that Iranian missiles (including advanced models like those with maneuverable reentry vehicles, hypersonic glide capabilities such as Fattah variants, or "dancing" missiles like Sejjil) have shown improved ability to challenge defenses through high speeds, trajectory changes, and saturation tactics. Some have penetrated or required multiple interceptors from the U.S. Patriot systems. Iran has adapted tactics over the conflict, using varied launch strategies and more capable systems. Officials are reportedly surprised Iran is able to hit "sensitive targets."

Recent fatalities mark the first U.S. combat deaths in the conflict since a cease-fire unraveled last week, bringing the total U.S. military death toll to 16. The violence follows the collapse of the Memorandum of Understanding.

Iran has suspended its commitments, accusing the U.S. of violating the agreement by resuming airstrikes on Iranian territory, which Iran's Health Ministry says have killed at least 50 people. Iran has closed the Strait of Hormuz and vowed further repercussions.

U.s. and Iran continue to exchange missile and drone attacks, Saturday night. "Today at 6 p.m. ET, U.S. forces began launching new airstrikes against Iran at the Commander in Chief’s direction," CENTCOM announced on X. "The strikes are designed to further degrade Iran’s ability to threaten commercial shipping in the Strait of Hormuz and swiftly punish Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps forces who launched attacks against American service members in Jordan last night."

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US Strikes Target Iranian Bridges, Other Civilian Infrastructure In Latest Escalation

US Central Command (CENTCOM) executed its sixth consecutive night of airstrikes against Iran, late Thursday to early Friday morning expanding targets to include civilian infrastructure such as six bridges, a railway station, an airport, and a maritime control tower at Chabahar Port.

The strikes, aimed at severing logistical links to the port city of Bandar Abbas and degrading Iran's control over the Strait of Hormuz, killed at least seven to eight people and wounded dozens more in southern provinces including Hormozgan.

The American campaign focused on disrupting Iran's ability to threaten shipping in the Strait of Hormuz by targeting highway and railway bridges in Bandar Khamir and collapsing a surveillance tower at the Chah Bahar Shahid Kalantari Port on the Gulf of Oman.

President Donald Trump authorized these strikes on energy sites and transport networks supposedly to pressure Tehran into easing its chokehold on the waterway, which has caused global oil prices to surge above $86 a barrel.

While CENTCOM described the targets as "military logistics infrastructure," Iranian officials condemned the attacks on power facilities and bridges as strikes on civilian infrastructure, with the Energy Ministry reporting power outages during extreme heat.

In retaliation, Iran's Revolutionary Guard (IRGC) launched missile and drone attacks against US-allied nations hosting American forces, striking targets in Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain, Jordan, former US base in Syria and sites in Iraq's Kurdish region.

Iran responded by firing missiles at desalination plants in Kuwait, causing fires and damage to vital water infrastructure, and targeting air defenses in Qatar where falling shrapnel injured a child. IRGC claimed it struck the al-Tanf garrison in Syria and US assets in Bahrain and Oman. However the US military and Syrian sources denied that any American troops were present or harmed at the Syrian site, noting US forces had withdrawn months prior.

The escalation has effectively halted commercial traffic in the Strait of Hormuz, with only eight vessels** transiting the waterway on July 16, via the Iranian corridor, as the interim ceasefire between the US and Iran remains collapsed.

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The T1TL "will provide global communications access and deliver persistent regional encrypted connectivity in support of warfighter missions around the globe," SDA officials wrote.

The satellites are interconnected via optical crosslinks, offering significantly increased performance over existing radio frequency systems, including stereo coverage and greater bandwidth. The T1TL constellation is intended to be dynamically networked for simpler hand-offs and enhanced fault tolerance, supporting a wide range of military operations.

The PWSA is "a proliferated constellation of hundreds of optically linked small satellites, in low-Earth orbit (LEO), delivering capability at speed to the warfighter," SDA officials wrote in a Tranche 1 fact sheet. "SDA leverages spiral development to deploy and proliferate new capability into a new generation of the PWSA every two years, called a 'tranche,' to continually increase capability used by the warfighter."

This specific batch of 21 satellites, manufactured by York Space Systems, joins the constellation to help build out the planned 126-satellite network in LEO. The T1TL operates over the Ka band to ensure low-latency, resilient military data connectivity.

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