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Telegram CEO Pavel Durov Arrested In France Over Moderation Policy On The Pro-free-speech Messaging App
August 25, 2024
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Russian-born founder and owner of Telegram was arrested Saturday, at Le Bourget airport outside Paris shortly after landing on a private jet from Azerbaijan. The 39-year-old billionaire who has dual French and UAE citizenship, has been placed in custody as part of a preliminary investigation into alleged wide range of crimes committed on the messaging app due to a lack of moderation, and a lack of cooperation with police.

Authorities have since reportedly extended Durov's detention to another 96 hours.

There was no initial official confirmation from France of the arrest, but police had reportedly spotted he was on the passenger list and moved to arrest him because he was the subject of an arrest warrant in France.

Telegram is famously known to be among the least censored social media platforms, The company says it "is committed to protecting user privacy and human rights such as freedom of speech and assembly." Durov has resisted attempts to get him to censor legal speech on the messaging app.

“We get too much attention from the FBI and other security agencies whenever we come to the U.S," Durov told popular American journalist and podcaster Tucker Carlson earlier in the year. "The last time I was in the U.S., I brought an engineer who works for Telegram. There was an attempt by cybersecurity officers or agents to secretly hire my engineer behind my back. They were curious to learn which open-source libraries are integrated into Telegram's app, and they tried to persuade him to use certain open-source tools that would serve as backdoors. I personally experienced similar pressure in the U.S. Whenever I would go to the U.S., I would have two FBI agents greet me at the airport, asking questions. My understanding is that they wanted to establish a relationship to control Telegram better.”

A cybersecurity gendarmerie unit and national anti-fraud police unit are reportedly leading the French investigation into Telegram and Durov.

In a statement on X, the company writes: "Telegram abides by EU laws, including the Digital Services Act — its moderation is within industry standards and constantly improving. Telegram's CEO Pavel Durov has nothing to hide and travels frequently in Europe. It is absurd to claim that a platform or its owner are responsible for abuse of that platform."

Russia's foreign ministry said it had sent a note to Paris demanding access to Durov.

Former Russian President Dmitry Medvedev said that Durov had misjudged by fleeing Russia and thinking that he would never have to cooperate with the security services abroad.

Russian lawmaker Maria Butina, who spent 15 months in U.S. prison for acting as an unregistered Russian agent, said Durov "is a political prisoner - a victim of a witch-hunt by the West."

Durov arrest drew swift global condemnations with #FreePavel trending on social media, and many comparing France and Europe in general to the totalitarian regimes in China and North Korea where political dissent is not tolerated. Many on X raised concerns over travelling to France as a free-speech-minded tech entrepreneur.

Chris Pavlovski, CEO of YouTube rival Rumble whose platform has been forced to suspend services in France after rejecting regulator's demands to censor some users, wrote on X: "I’m a little late to this, but for good reason -- I’ve just safely departed from Europe. France has threatened Rumble, and now they have crossed a red line by arresting Telegram’s CEO, Pavel Durov, reportedly for not censoring speech. Rumble will not stand for this behavior and will use every legal means available to fight for freedom of expression, a universal human right. We are currently fighting in the courts of France, and we hope for Pavel Durov’s immediate release."

In a earlier post, he noted: "China bans Rumble; France threatens Rumble, we leave; Brazil threatens Rumble, we leave; UK threatens Rumble; Russia bans Rumble; New Zealand threatens Rumble; France arrests Telegram CEO. Free speech is under major assault and I will not stop fighting for it."

X owner and Tesla chief, Elon Musk wrote, "It's 2030 in Europe and you’re being executed for liking a meme." And responding to an X user who asked why Mark Zuckerberg is not facing the same prosecution given the prevalence of prohibited content across Meta platforms like Facebook and Whatsapp, Musk wrote, "Because he already caved into censorship pressure. Instagram has a massive child exploitation problem, but no arrest for Zuck, as he censors free speech and gives governments backdoor access to user data."

Telegram, with close to 1 billion users, is particularly influential in Russia, Ukraine and the republics of the former Soviet Union. The platform is also a political propaganda battlefield used by activists and influential leaders across the world including pro-Israel and pro-Palestinian groups, the Russian government, and Ukraine's President Volodymyr Zelensky and his officials.

Durov launched Telegram after he was pressured by Russian authorities to sell his social media platform VK. His younger brother, Nikolai, designed the encryption used in Telegram, according to Durov.

"I would rather be free than to take orders from anyone," Durov said in April about his exit from Russia and search for a home for his company, which included stints in Berlin, London, Singapore and San Francisco. He finally settled in Dubai, UAE.

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Rumble Shorts: Free Speech Platform Rumble Launches TikTok Competitor

YouTube rival Rumble has launched TikTok alternative, Rumble Shorts on rumble.com/shorts, introducing a swipeable, personalized feed for vertical short-form videos under 90 seconds. The feature is now live on the platform’s homepage and individual creator channels, enabling users to discover content and creators while supporting them through Rumble Wallet tipping.

Mobile app versions are expected later in February 2026, pending app store approvals, CEO Chris Pavlovski announced on X, emphasizing the platform’s commitment to free expression. “Rumble Shorts provides a digestible viewing option, and of course, there’s free speech with every swipe,” he said.

Pavlovski added that the new feature strengthens Rumble’s mission to be “the best place on the Internet for content creators” by boosting discovery, amplifying long-form content, and offering new monetization pathways.

The launch of Rumble Shorts is part of a broader strategy to build a free speech ecosystem, complementing earlier initiatives like the non-custodial Rumble Wallet—launched in partnership with Tether. The wallet supports USDT, USAT, XAUt, and BTC, enabling instant, censorship-resistant tipping directly within the platform, powered by Tether’s Wallet Development Kit (WDK).

This move comes amid heightened competition with TikTok, which faces backlash over data security and censoirship concerns. In March 2024, Pavlovski publicly offered to acquire and operate TikTok’s U.S. operations if ByteDance divested from the platform, positioning Rumble as a free-speech alternative. TikTok US was recently acquired instead by a consortium led by Oracle's Larry Ellison, a top donor to the Israel Defense Force.

Rumble’s growth has been fueled by its appeal to creators disillusioned with mainstream platforms. After a surge in users during the 2020 election and pandemic, Rumble grew from ~1 million to over 60 million monthly active users. The platform continues to expand through strategic partnerships, including with Trump Media & Technology Group (TMTG), which uses Rumble Cloud for its Truth Social platform. The company also plans a business partnership with Northern Data to expand GPU and data center capacity.

Rumble Inc. (NASDAQ: RUM), founded in 2013 by Pavlovski, positions itself as a “free speech alternative” to Big Tech. It remains a Freedom-First technology platform focused on cloud, AI, and digital media, built on principles of customer independence, free speech, and decentralized monetization, the company says.

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February 03, 2026
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France Raids X Offices Over Content Moderation, Grok

French authorities conducted a dawn raid on X’s Paris headquarters on Tuesday, as part of a criminal investigation into the platform’s content moderation practices and its AI chatbot, Grok. The operation, carried out by the Paris prosecutor’s cybercrime unit, with support from the national gendarmerie and Europol, signals a major escalation in the probe.

The investigation was opened in January 2025 by the Paris public prosecutor’s office, initially focusing on allegations of algorithmic manipulation and fraudulent data extraction. It was expanded in mid-2025 after reports surfaced linking Grok to the generation and dissemination of "illegal" content.

The probe was triggered by a complaint from French liberal Memeber of Parliament(MP) Éric Bothorel, who alleged that biased algorithms distorted automated data processing on X.

Allegations include

  • Complicity in possession and distribution of child sexual abuse material (CSAM): Authorities allege Grok generated over 23,000 sexualized images of children, including nonconsensual deepfakes.

  • Sexually explicit deepfakes: Grok was reported to have created explicit, fabricated images of real people, including celebrities like Taylor Swift, following the launch of a feature called “Spicy Mode” in August 2025.

  • Holocaust denial: Grok posted statements denying the mass murder at Auschwitz-Birkenau, claiming gas chambers were used for disinfection—a claim long associated with Holocaust denial, which is illegal in France.

  • Fraudulent data handling: Charges include falsifying the operation of automated data systems and fraudulent extraction of user data.

  • Operating an illegal online platform as part of an organized group.

Elon Musk and former X CEO Linda Yaccarino have been formally summoned for voluntary interviews on April 20, 2026. Additional X employees are to be questioned as witnesses between April 20 and April 24.

A voluntary interview in France differs from police custody—individuals may leave at any time, though they may be re-summoned or detained depending on findings.

X has not issued a public response to the raid, though its Global Government Affairs team previously dismissed the probe as “politically motivated” and an attack on free speech.

In a symbolic move, the Paris prosecutors’ office announced it would discontinue its presence on X, redirecting followers to LinkedIn and Instagram.

"The allegations underlying today’s raid are baseless and X categorically denies any wrongdoing," X Global Government Affairs said in part on X. "Today’s staged raid reinforces our conviction that this investigation distorts French law, circumvents due process, and endangers free speech. X is committed to defending its fundamental rights and the rights of its users. We will not be intimidated by the actions of French judicial authorities today."

"This is a political attack," Musk posted on X.

The investigation is part of a broader European regulatory crackdown. The UK’s Information Commissioner’s Office (ICO) has launched a parallel probe into Grok’s data handling and deepfake generation. The Office of communication (Ofcom) is also investigating X’s content moderation.

On Tuesday,, Ofcom said it was continuing to investigate the platform and was treating it as "a matter of urgency." But added it was currently unable to investigate the creation of illegal images by Grok in this case because it did not have sufficient powers relating to chatbots. However, shortly afterwards the ICO said it was launching its own probe in conjunction with Ofcom, into the processing of personal data in relation to the Grok.

The European Commission is in contact with French authorities, and the EU has already fined X $141 million (€120 million) for violating digital regulations.

Tuesday's raid marks a turning point in the EU’s enforcement of digital laws, especially concerning AI and content moderation. The involvement of Europol suggests the probe may have cross-border implications. This follows growing scrutiny of AI systems that can generate content at scale.

Pavel Durov - founder of the messaging app Telegram - criticised the French authorities on Tuesday, accusing France of being "the only country in the world that is criminally persecuting all social networks that give people some degree of freedom."

"Don't be mistaken: this is not a free country," he added in a post on XDurov was arrested and detained in France in August 2024 over alleged moderation lapses on his messaging app, which the Paris prosecutor's office said had failed to curb criminal activity. He was permitted to leave the country last March after the platform made some changes to the way it operates following the arrest.

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February 02, 2026
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SpaceX Acquires xAI, As Elon Musk Plans Space AI Data Centers

SpaceX has officially acquired artificial intelligence startup xAI, merging two of Elon Musk’s most ambitious ventures into a single, vertically-integrated entity valued at $1.25 trillion (SpaceX at approximately $1 trillion and xAI at $230–250 billion).

The acquisition, confirmed Monday, was announced via a public statement from SpaceX, with Musk stating: “SpaceX has acquired xAI to form the most ambitious, vertically-integrated innovation engine on (and off) Earth, with AI, rockets, space-based internet, direct-to-mobile device communications and the world’s foremost real-time information and free speech platform.”

The merger follows SpaceX’s February 2026 filing with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) seeking approval to launch a constellation of up to 1 million satellites designed to function as orbital data centers. These solar-powered satellites, operating between 500 km and 2,000 km altitude in Sun-Synchronous Orbit, are intended to provide unprecedented computing capacity for AI models.

Musk emphasized that “the lowest cost way to generate AI compute will be in space” within two to three years, citing the limitations of terrestrial data centers in terms of power, cooling, and environmental impact. He argued that space offers “vast power and space” — specifically, the ability to harness solar energy on a massive scale — as the only viable long-term solution for AI’s exponential growth.

xAI, founded in 2023, owns the social media platform X and developed the AI chatbot Grok.

SpaceX, valued at $800 billion pre-merger, is preparing for a $1.5 trillion IPO later in 2026, with the merger seen as a strategic move to bolster investor confidence by linking space infrastructure with AI demand.

The combined entity will leverage SpaceX’s Starlink satellite network, Starship rocket system, and xAI’s AI research, aiming to fund future projects like self-sustaining lunar bases and Martian colonies.

SpaceX and xAI have long shared personnel and operational overlap; the merger formalizes this integration. This positions the combined entity for massive scale in AI and space, and could accelerate Starship development and multiplanetary goals.

 

Full SpaceX statement by Elon Musk:

SpaceX has acquired xAI to form the most ambitious, vertically-integrated innovation engine on (and off) Earth, with AI, rockets, space-based internet, direct-to-mobile device communications and the world’s foremost real-time information and free speech platform. This marks not just the next chapter, but the next book in SpaceX and xAI's mission: scaling to make a sentient sun to understand the Universe and extend the light of consciousness to the stars!

Current advances in AI are dependent on large terrestrial data centers, which require immense amounts of power and cooling. Global electricity demand for AI simply cannot be met with terrestrial solutions, even in the near term, without imposing hardship on communities and the environment.

In the long term, space-based AI is obviously the only way to scale. To harness even a millionth of our Sun’s energy would require over a million times more energy than our civilization currently uses!

The only logical solution therefore is to transport these resource-intensive efforts to a location with vast power and space. I mean, space is called “space” for a reason. 😂

By directly harnessing near-constant solar power with little operating or maintenance costs, these satellites will transform our ability to scale compute. It’s always sunny in space! Launching a constellation of a million satellites that operate as orbital data centers is a first step towards becoming a Kardashev II-level civilization, one that can harness the Sun’s full power, while supporting AI-driven applications for billions of people today and ensuring humanity’s multi-planetary future.

Orbital Data Centers

In the history of spaceflight, there has never been a vehicle capable of launching the megatons of mass that space-based data centers or permanent bases on the Moon and cities on Mars require. Even in 2025, the most prolific year in history in terms of the number of orbital launches, only about 3000 tons of payload was launched into orbit, primarily consisting of Starlink satellites carried by our Falcon rocket.

The requirement to launch thousands of satellites to orbit became a forcing function for the Falcon program, driving recursive improvements to reach the unprecedented flight rates necessary to make space-based internet a reality. This year, Starship will begin delivering the much more powerful V3 Starlink satellites to orbit, with each launch adding more than 20 times the capacity to the constellation as the current Falcon launches of the V2 Starlink satellites. Starship will also launch the next generation of direct-to-mobile satellites, which will deliver full cellular coverage everywhere on Earth.

While the need to launch these satellites will act as a similar forcing function to drive Starship improvements and launch rates, the sheer number of satellites that will be needed for space-based data centers will push Starship to even greater heights. With launches every hour carrying 200 tons per flight, Starship will deliver millions of tons to orbit and beyond per year, enabling an exciting future where humanity is out exploring amongst the stars.

The basic math is that launching a million tons per year of satellites generating 100 kW of compute power per ton would add 100 gigawatts of AI compute capacity annually, with no ongoing operational or maintenance needs. Ultimately, there is a path to launching 1 TW/year from Earth.

My estimate is that within 2 to 3 years, the lowest cost way to generate AI compute will be in space. This cost-efficiency alone will enable innovative companies to forge ahead in training their AI models and processing data at unprecedented speeds and scales, accelerating breakthroughs in our understanding of physics and invention of technologies to benefit humanity.

This new constellation will build upon the well-established space sustainability design and operational strategies, including end-of-life disposal, that have proven successful for SpaceX’s existing broadband satellite systems.

While launching AI satellites from Earth is the immediate focus, Starship’s capabilities will also enable operations on other worlds. Thanks to advancements like in-space propellant transfer, Starship will be capable of landing massive amounts of cargo on the Moon. Once there, it will be possible to establish a permanent presence for scientific and manufacturing pursuits. Factories on the Moon can take advantage of lunar resources to manufacture satellites and deploy them further into space. By using an electromagnetic mass driver and lunar manufacturing, it is possible to put 500 to 1000 TW/year of AI satellites into deep space, meaningfully ascend the Kardashev scale and harness a non-trivial percentage of the Sun’s power.

The capabilities we unlock by making space-based data centers a reality will fund and enable self-growing bases on the Moon, an entire civilization on Mars and ultimately expansion to the Universe.

Thank you for everything you have done and will do for the light cone of consciousness.

Ad Astra!
Elon

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